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ADA Cardano activates Van Rossem hard fork, reducing Plutus operating costs.
At 21:44:51 on July 18, Beijing time, Cardano successfully activated the Van Rossem hard fork on the main network. The network protocol version was upgraded to version 11, and a new Plutus primitive was unlocked, covering functions such as cryptography, data access and multi-asset smart contracts.
This internal upgrade keeps Cardano in the Conway era, while modifying the protocol rules used by nodes and Plutus scripts. Prior to the upgrade, it was deployed on the Preview and Preprod test websites, and received support from the entrusted representative (DRep), the pledge pool operator (SPO) and the Constitutional Council.
The hard-fork launch proposal was approved on July 13, with a support rating of 77.63% for DRep and 52.7% for SPO. Six other Constitutional Council members voted to find it constitutional. Previously, a separate Plutus cost model update took effect on June 18, setting execution prices for various new operations before Protocol Version 11 went online.
New built-in features target high-cost contract operations
The Van Rossem upgrade brings five major Plutus capabilities:
Modular exponentiation turns high-cost cryptographic operations into native built-in, reducing the need to calculate inversions offline and attach additional data to transactions. Multiple scalar multiplication on BLS12-381 reduces the computational burden on zero-knowledge proofs, signature aggregation, and other elliptic curve workloads. The upgrade also introduces dropList, which is designed to reduce the overhead of accessing elements deep in the list; the new ArrayNative types support constant time lookups. MaryErValue provides Plutus with a first-class tool for processing Cardano multiple asset values without having to repeatedly process nested mapping structures.
Protocol Version 11 also makes new built-in features available in Plutus V1, V2, and V3, reducing the need to recompile old contracts just to get late primitives. Cost savings are specific to specific operations rather than an overall reduction in fees per Cardano transaction. Contracts that use cryptographic verification, large collections, or complex native token logic consume fewer execution units while taking advantage of new built-in functions.
Governance vote to clear obstacles to mainnet activation
Van Rossem's upgrade was approved by the governance system introduced during the Cardano Voltaire phase. The DRep, the SPO and the Constitutional Council performed their respective duties in the agreement voting, continuing the governance process promoted by the Cardano Foundation's previous commission of 220 million ADA to 11 DReps in January.
Prior to this upgrade, Cardano's non-empty ADA wallets increased by 14,783 from the trough of holders on June 23 until early July. After the main network switch, the ADA traded at approximately US$0.166 on Sunday, and the intraday fluctuation range was roughly between US$0.164 and US$0.168.
