Zcash持币者在NU7投票中支持25秒区块

Zcash 社区投票结果：压倒性支持加快出块速度并维持现有减半机制

在近期举行的 Zcash（ZEC）私有治理投票中，近 240 万枚 ZEC 参与了表决。结果显示，持币者 overwhelmingly（压倒性地）支持将区块生成时间从 75 秒缩短至 25 秒，并保留现有的网络减半计划。这一结果代表了快照时刻符合资格的 Ironwood 池中约 66% 的余额。

关键投票数据概览

• 参与度：约 240 万枚 ZEC 参与投票，占快照时刻符合条件的 Ironwood 池总余额的 66%。组织者设定了 100 万枚 ZEC 为最低参与门槛，以确保投票结果具有代表性。
• 出块速度：约 99.9% 的参与者支持将目标出块间隔从 75 秒缩短至 25 秒。
• 减半机制：约 98.9% 的参与者倾向于保留计划的减半机制，而非采用平滑发行机制。
• NSM 资金回收：约 96.6% 的参与者支持在 2031 年 2 月开始重新发行此前通过网络安全机制（NSM）移除流通的 ZEC。
• Nu7 升级范围：若未能在 9 月 30 日前完成所有功能，则按照持币者偏好的方案，相关未完成功能将被移除，以便 Nu7 升级按时发布。

投票流程与隐私保护机制

此次投票于 9 月 14 日 UTC 时间 19:00 截止，此时主网区块高度为 3,459,350（记录于 8 月 24 日）。只有快照时刻持有在 Ironwood 钱包中的可花费隐蔽资金（shielded funds）才具备投票资格，且投票后资金的移动不影响其投票有效性。

为确保经济权益决定投票权重的同时不暴露个人隐蔽余额，Valar Group 创建了一条专用链用于投票系统。该系统的核心设计包括：

• 分布式选举权威机构：由至少 10 名持有独立解密密钥分片的验证者组成。单个验证者无法恢复投票者身份，需至少三分之二的验证者集合协作才能解密最终汇总结果。
• 同态加密技术：每票均经过同态加密处理，验证者可在不解密个别选票的情况下合并加密投票并生成总数。
• 隐私增强措施：根据 Valar Group 开发者 Dev Bharel 的解释，每张选票被分割成 16 个不可链接的部分，即使验证者试图串通，也能保障余额隐私。

The coordination structure includes five major groups: Project Tachyon, Valar Group, Zcash Foundation, Zodl, and Shielded Labs. Wallets such as Vizor and Zodl support this process, and the underlying voting chain software and audit tools have been made public for public inspection. The mechanism benefited from the Ironwood upgrade activated in July this year, which replaced the early Orchard hidden pool with potential counterfeiting vulnerabilities, introduced stronger supply controls, and became a qualified source of balance for this Nu7 currency holder vote.

Detailed proposal analysis

1. Accelerate blockouts and ZIP-218

Approximately 99.9% of participants supported reducing Zcash's target blockouts from 75 seconds to 25 seconds. The core of this proposal is found in ZIP-218, and its core is to adjust the issuance rate to keep the overall supply unchanged during the wall clock time in line with shorter block intervals.

A threefold increase in block frequency does not mean that miners receive a threefold increase in new block rewards every day. After Nu7 was activated, ZIP-218 divided the subsidy per block by another factor of three, thereby achieving faster block release while maintaining the established release rate. According to the draft calculation, at the current reward level, the single subsidy after Nu7 will be 0.26041666 ZEC.

2. Rejecting the smooth issuance mechanism

Currency holders explicitly rejected proposals to change the network's halving model. Statistics show that 2,375,932.375 ZECs support retaining the existing halving mechanism, while only 22,384.875 ZECs support smoothing the release curve. Another 4,147.625 ZECs preferred not to introduce issuance smoothing in Nu7, and 1,072.125 ZECs abstained.

作为替代方案的 ZIP-234 提议用逐渐递减的区块补贴系统取代基于步骤的减半系统，该补贴从剩余资金储备中计算得出。虽然该提案保留了 Zcash 的供应上限，但改变了新发行 ZEC 进入市场的时间分布方式。

3. NSM 资金回收时间表

持币者与其他治理群体之间最显著的差异在于何时开始通过未来区块奖励回收通过网络安全机制（NSM）移除的 ZEC。持币者将 2,319,643.750 枚 ZEC（约占该问题投票总数的 96.6%）投给了 2031 年 2 月的启动日期。相比之下，仅 70,239.625 枚 ZEC 支持尽快开始，6,283 枚 ZEC 选择 2027 年 2 月，4,985.625 枚 ZEC 弃权。

NSM 框架旨在将 ZEC 移出流通，并通过区块补贴在未来逐步回收，而不提高最大供应量。ZIP-235 提议将至少 60% 的交易费移出流通，剩余部分继续作为矿工激励。

投票结束后发布的声明指出，Shielded Labs、Project Tachyon、ZODL、Zcash Foundation 和 Valar Group 的代表已就结果进行讨论，并一致同意将 2031 年 2 月视为最保守的结果解读。该声明也保留了在情况需要时进行另一轮投票以提前启动的可能性。

其他治理动态与市场反应

社区咨询小组投票：The parallel Zcash Community Advisory Group poll received 135 votes from 198 eligible members, with a response rate of 68%. Unlike coin holders, the group was divided widely on the issue of issuance smoothing. The community summary showed that 57 votes were in favor of smoothing and 54 votes were in favor of halving retention.

Nu7 upgrade strategy: Coinholders support advancing the Nu7 upgrade without having to wait indefinitely for the completion of all proposed components. The voting results showed that if the feature is not completed before September 30, it should be removed to release the upgrade. In addition, votes were voted to immediately disable version 4 trading upon Nu7 activation and retire remaining features related to the legacy Sprout pool. Currently, Sprot deposits have been disabled, the pool balance is less than 23,000 ZEC, and the v4 transaction volume accounts for less than 0.1%.

Development Progress: Zakura developers say their open source cryptography suite has reduced private transaction build times in some tests from more than 3 seconds to less than 200 milliseconds. These library improvements can be adopted directly by wallets without having to wait for a coordinated network upgrade.

Market performance: Governance results did not lead to a single market backlash. As of the latest data as of September 16, CoinGecko showed that ZEC was priced at approximately $1,146, up approximately 2% in 24 hours, with a market value of nearly $19.4 billion, and a 24-hour trading range of approximately $1,114 to $1,223. Notably, ZEC had experienced a strong rally before the vote closed, having previously traded around $1,216 on September 10 due to a week-long gain.

The specific Nu7 activation height has not been specified in the currently released voting materials. The September 30 date only applies to feature readiness states within the preferred range, and deployment still requires developers to determine the final Nu7 package and activation parameters. It should be noted that the voting itself does not modify the Zcash consensus rules, but serves as a survey of consensus changes; implementation still requires technical specifications, code, testing and ecosystem consensus. The official Zcash ZIP index still lists 25-second block proposals and several NSM components as Nu7 candidates or drafts. The index's own decisions do not directly determine which proposals will be included.