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Japan passes landmark law recognizing cryptocurrencies as financial products

2026-07-16 12:52:36
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The Japanese Senate passed amendments to the Financial Commodity Exchange Act on July 15, marking the official implementation of one of the most important cryptocurrency regulatory reforms in the country to date. The bill, which was approved by the House of Representatives, completes the legislative process and officially recognizes cryptocurrencies as financial products rather than primary payment instruments. [TAG

This legislation marks a major shift in Japan's thinking on digital asset regulation. Previously, cryptocurrencies were mainly subject to the Payment Services Act, but the new law brings them under the Financial Commodity Exchange Act, bringing them closer to the regulatory system for traditional securities and investment products.

Main reform points

According to the Financial Commodity Exchange Act, Japan officially classifies cryptocurrencies as financial products. The new regulations introduce restrictions on insider trading and strengthen information disclosure requirements. In addition, the reform also laid the foundation for cryptocurrency exchange-traded funds and a unified 20% tax rate on cryptocurrency gains.

Digital asset supervision strengthened

Under the new regulatory framework, insider trading regulations will apply to the cryptocurrency market, and the use of material non-public information for digital asset trading will be deemed illegal. The reform also requires issuers of specific crypto assets to publish annual information disclosure reports, aiming to improve market transparency and enhance investor confidence.

At the same time, Japan has set stricter penalties for unregistered operations in cryptocurrency businesses. The maximum prison sentence was increased from three years to ten years, and the maximum fine was increased from 3 million yen to 10 million yen (approximately US$61,600).

Paves way for ETF and tax reform

In addition to strengthening market oversight, the legislation also provides a legal basis for institutions to participate more broadly in Japan's digital asset sector. The reforms are expected to drive the future launch of domestic cryptocurrency exchange-traded funds, although additional regulatory approval will still be required before such products can be launched.

The new law also supports Japan's planned cryptocurrency tax reform. Policymakers are preparing to introduce a flat 20% tax rate to replace the current progressive tax system. The revised tax framework is expected to be implemented in fiscal year 2027 and will officially take effect from January 2028.

The legislation is in line with Japan's broader Web3 and innovation strategy, which aims to achieve 1 trillion yen (US$68 billion) in annual start-up investment by fiscal year 2027. By updating its regulatory framework, Japan hopes to position itself as one of the world's leading jurisdictions for regulated digital asset innovation while strengthening investor protection.

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