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El Salvador shifts focus to U.S. dollar stablecoins and plans to launch Sivar app

2026-09-30 03:16:39
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El Salvador switches to U.S. dollar stablecoins, plans to launch Sivar app

Five years have passed since El Salvador became the first country to make Bitcoin legal tender. Today, the government is adjusting its strategy to introduce dollar-backed stablecoins as a practical solution for digital payments and remittances. In 2021, President Nayib Bukele initially attracted global attention by tying Bitcoin with the U.S. dollar, aiming to promote financial inclusion and streamline the remittance process. However, Bitcoin's adoption rate in daily life has been low, and the government has subsequently reduced requirements for Bitcoin's legal use.

Government-backed apps drive popularity of stablecoins

President Bucker's government is working with technology company Modveon to develop a new payment platform,"Sivar." The app is designed to allow Salvadorans to use Coinbase's Base network-a second-layer blockchain solution-to send and hold digital dollars for remittances and other payments. Users will register and authenticate with government-issued identification documents, and the application will organize individuals into digital communities based on geographical location and interests.

Stablecoins are different from cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin in that they are directly pegged to fiat currencies (such as the US dollar), thereby reducing price volatility and making them more suitable for daily transactions. Officials hope this approach will bring the benefits of digital currencies while avoiding the unpredictability of the crypto market.

Micro Dictionary: Modveon—— 一家与政府及组织合作开发数字支付平台和基于区块链解决方案的技术公司。

稳定币为萨尔瓦多人提供了一种享受数字交易优势的手段,例如更快的汇款速度,同时避免了与比特币相关的剧烈价格波动。

小型经济体的试点项目

萨尔瓦多并非唯一探索政府支持的数字美元解决方案的国家。2023年,太平洋岛国帕劳(人口约1.8万)与Ripple合作推出了帕劳稳定币(PSC)试点项目。该项目向200名政府雇员提供了数字代币,每个代币按1:1比例挂钩美元并由储备金支持,可用于在参与的地方零售商处消费。

帕劳总统苏兰格尔·惠普斯二世(Surangel Whipps Jr.)认为,该国的小规模有助于实施和测试新的金融科技,旨在提高政府效率和改善本地支付。然而,帕劳的项目在无法获得托管银行方面面临挑战,国际货币基金组织(IMF)还指出了包括储备管理、监管、网络安全和消费者保护在内的问题。

另一个太平洋国家马绍尔群岛此前因监管问题暂停了其SOV数字货币。目前,该国正在考虑建立一个以美元为支撑的稳定币为核心的国家数字支付框架,反映出对绑定美元的本地经济数字解决方案的持续兴趣。

对于帕劳和马绍尔群岛等国家而言,稳定币代表了加速支付、提高透明度以及增强政府对金融系统控制力的工具。

国家 项目名称 状态 支撑资产 主要挑战 萨尔瓦多 Sivar 开发中 美元 早期采用,技术推广 帕劳 帕劳稳定币 (PSC) 试点暂停 1:1美元储备 托管银行问题 马绍尔群岛 SOV (已暂停),美元稳定币 (计划中) 研究中 美元 监管、财务担忧

尼日利亚的稳定币采用凸显更广泛趋势

稳定币的采用也在非洲迅速扩展,特别是在尼日利亚,数字资产已成为个人和企业进行国际资金转移的重要工具。据IMF数据显示,2024年稳定币占尼日利亚加密流入量的65%以上,在2019年底至2025年初期间,占撒哈拉以南非洲所有稳定币流入量的约60%。截至2025年,尼日利亚拥有2590万数字资产用户,USDT和USDC等稳定币主导了市场。

使用范围超出了交易活动。尼日利亚家庭依赖稳定币进行汇款,小型进口商越来越多地使用它们向海外供应商付款。大型企业也在尝试使用稳定币进行贸易结算。交易成本是一个重要驱动因素:世界银行的数据显示,全球平均发送200美元的手续费率为6.49%,而在撒哈拉以南非洲这一成本上升至8.78%。相比之下,稳定币转账通常仅产生极低的区块链费用,加上转换和提取成本。

然而,这一趋势引发了监管担忧。随着越来越多的用户将数字美元存储在稳定币而非当地银行中,各国可能会看到数字美元化的增加,这可能会限制政策制定者管理自身货币政策的能力。IMF警告称,这种转变可能会削弱尼日利亚等国家的货币控制权。

萨尔瓦多的比特币储备里程碑

恰逢其《比特币法》颁布四周年之际,萨尔瓦多最近购买了额外的21枚比特币,使该国的总持仓量达到6,313.18枚比特币,价值约7.01亿美元。此举强调了政府在将加密货币作为储备资产方面的持续承诺,尽管重点已转向推广面向广大民众的稳定币支付系统。

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