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RLUSD 加密货币公司无需开设支票账户或发放抵押贷款，即可成为受联邦监管的银行
这基本上就是国家信托银行牌照所能实现的目标。货币监理署（OCC）有权对业务范围仅限于信托公司及相关活动的机构颁发银行牌照。根据 OCC 目前的框架，这些活动包括受托服务、托管、保管以及其他与客户持有资产密切相关的职能。
对于加密货币公司而言，这种组合极具吸引力，因为托管、稳定币储备和机构资产服务等业务，比普通的消费贷款更接近其核心业务。
信托银行与普通银行的区别
传统商业银行通常吸收存款并发放贷款。而国家信托银行的运营模式通常有所不同。OCC 指出，大多数国家信托银行不提供普通贷款或不接受存款，因此通常不享有联邦存款保险公司（FDIC）的存款保险。它们的业务更多围绕托管、受托服务、保管、资产管理及费用展开。
当加密货币公司宣称自己正在进入银行业时，这一区别至关重要。获得信托牌照并不意味着客户可以在该机构开设受联邦保险的支票账户。
Coinbase 的联邦特许信托银行计划便展示了这一模式。其获批的业务计划侧重于为机构客户提供数字资产托管、相关托管资产的转移，以及访问质押和主交易等附属服务。该银行本身旨在避免成为传统的零售贷款机构。
为何加密货币公司渴望获得此牌照
最大的吸引力在于联邦监管基础设施。国家牌照使该机构处于 OCC 的监督之下，并为允许的信托和托管活动提供单一的联邦框架，而非完全依赖各州独立的信托公司法体系。这对于服务于机构的公司的尤为有用。
For example, the National Trust Bank proposed by Ripple plans to provide cryptocurrency custody services, assist in managing assets that support RLUSD, and serve as a collateral trustee for stablecoin holders. The move follows a wave of cryptocurrency companies entering the federal trust banking system, including BitGo, Fidelity Digital Assets and Paxos. Subsequently, Coinbase also received approval from its own National Trust Company, and more digital asset applicants continue to appear on the OCC's license list.
The core of this license lies in the trust infrastructure
Therefore, for cryptocurrency companies, its strategic value lies not in becoming the next JPMorgan Chase, but in becoming a regulated institutional infrastructure. Performing custody and fiduciary functions under federal supervision, trust banks can serve as a link between asset owners, stablecoin issuers, and investment companies 'blockchain networks.
This could make the company more attractive to institutions that are reluctant to leave large amounts of crypto assets at ordinary technology companies or exchanges. However, the license also brings stricter capital, governance, compliance and supervision requirements. Conditional approval is not the same as final authorization to start operations-a distinction that is particularly important in Ripple's own trust bank approval process.
