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Following巴西自10月1日起实施价值1万美元以上的自托管加密货币转账报告制度
巴西政府宣布，自10月1日起，要求对价值达到或超过1万美元的自托管加密货币转账进行申报。这一新规将现有的加密货币报告义务扩展至点对点（P2P）及钱包到钱包的转账行为，旨在覆盖那些绕过受监管交易所的交易活动，从而为使用非托管平台转移大额资金的用户带来了新的合规责任。
政策背景与适用范围
该规定依据巴西中央银行（Bacen）第519号决议制定，正式将自托管转账纳入巴西的反洗钱报告框架。具体而言，价值在1万美元及以上的转账必须进行披露；而低于该阈值的转账则不在本次公告的明确规范范围内。值得注意的是，该政策专门针对自托管安排，即硬件钱包、软件钱包及其他无需中介的非托管解决方案。此前，巴西基于交易所的交易已受到相关报告要求的约束，因此此次举措是对现有制度的延伸，而非建立全新的监管体系。
巴西在加密货币领域的整体监管态势一直较为活跃。该国不仅见证了大型机构推出的代币化资产试点项目，还持续收紧合规规则。今年早些时候，Bybit在巴西的业务账户曾面临单独的监管指导下的验证截止日期，这表明在该国运营的加密货币企业正面临持续的执法压力。据行业数据显示，巴西加密货币市场规模约为2520亿美元，这意味着新规则具有广泛的影响力。
对加密用户的影响与建议
- 申报门槛： 适用于价值1万美元及以上的自托管加密货币转账，生效日期为10月1日。
- 覆盖范围： 该规则涵盖非托管钱包的转账活动，而不仅仅局限于交易所交易。
- 程序细节： 目前公开指南中尚未确认具体的申报流程、责任主体以及违规处罚措施。
对于通过自托管钱包进行高价值转账的用户，建议从现在开始着手记录转账数据，包括日期、金额以及在可用情况下的交易对手信息。在10月1日之前保留这些记录，可为应对监管机构可能提出的历史披露要求提供基准依据。
It should be emphasized that this rule imposes reporting obligations, not injunction. There is no evidence in existing guidelines that self-custody transfers of any amount are prohibited or restricted. Users should not confuse disclosure requirements with wallet use restrictions. Anyone bound by this rule is advised to consult a qualified Brazilian legal or tax professional by October 1 to confirm implementation details. The Central Bank of Brazil's legislation and regulations page is the most authoritative source of reference for current requirements.
Implementation details to be clarified
There are still a number of operational issues to be clarified before it takes effect on October 1. For example, whether the entity responsible for the declaration is the sender, recipient, or both parties has not been confirmed in the reviewed sources. The manner in which the report was submitted-whether through an online portal, a financial institution or directly to a regulator-was also unconfirmed.
In addition, current public guidelines do not cover partial transfers with a cumulative amount of more than US$10,000, transfers denominated in non-US dollar linked assets, and the applicable valuation method (whether the spot exchange rate at the time of transfer is used or the daily closing price). Readers are advised to pay close attention to the updates on the official supervision page of the Central Bank of Brazil.
Brazil's move is part of a broader trend by global regulators to include self-custodial cryptocurrency activity in the reporting framework. At the same time, the U.S. Federal Reserve has also proposed draft stablecoin rules under the GENIUS Act, reflecting parallel efforts to bring crypto assets outside traditional custody channels into the scope of regulation.
