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BTC Banking groups have sued the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency to challenge its approval of the crypto trust charter
A banking group has filed a lawsuit in U.S. federal court, accusing the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) of exceeding its legal authority in response to its decision to approve the crypto trust charter. The core controversy in the lawsuit is whether the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency has the legal power to issue national trust charters to companies mainly engaged in digital asset custody and related services.
The plaintiff believes that the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency's approval of the crypto trust charter constitutes an unauthorized expansion of the scope of its regulatory authorization. This core proposition is not based on procedural objections, but rather on structural doubts: that the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency fundamentally lacks the authority to extend national trust charters to entities with cryptocurrency businesses as the main body.
This is not the first time that traditional banking institutions have challenged the tendency of the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency to extend its licensing framework to digital assets. Previously, Community Bank sued the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency over the Crypto National Trust Charter, raising similar arguments, arguing that the agency stretched its powers beyond the legislative intent when Congress established the federal banking charter system.
The lawsuit is directly aimed at the charter approval process itself. Therefore, the legal issue before the court is not whether individual charter holders have acted improperly, but whether the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency has the power to issue such charters in the first place. This definition makes the case a structural challenge to the agency's rulemaking position rather than a dispute over a specific case.
Key Points
- Banking groups have accused the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency of exceeding its legal authority in approving the crypto trust charter.
- The outcome of the case has yet to be determined and no ruling has yet been issued.
Why the lawsuit accuses the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency of exceeding its authority
The allegation of "exceeding its authority" is based on the argument that the Federal Banking Law does not grant the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency the discretion to create new concession categories for industries other than traditional banking. Banking groups argue that no matter how the applicant describes its business model, crypto trust charters fall into a prohibited category.
This distinction is crucial because obtaining a national trust charter from the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency has significant impact: it allows licensees to operate across states under a unified federal framework, rather than struggling through a cumbersome state licensing system. At the same time, the New York State Department of Financial Services (DFS) and Wyoming recently signed a memorandum of understanding on crypto regulation, reflecting ongoing state-level efforts to exercise jurisdiction over digital asset companies that the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency is chartering at the federal level.
The allegations of the banking group remain unsubstantiated claims in court. In the past, courts were divided on the scope of the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency's concession, and the outcome of the case will depend on how the hearing court interprets the National Bank Law and related regulations. No ruling has yet been issued.
Possible impact of this lawsuit on the crypto trust charter
如果法院支持银行业团体，现有的加密信托特许状持有者可能面临运营不确定性， pending 的申请可能会根据法院命令的补救措施而被暂停或作废。此外，若判决不利于货币监理署，也将使联邦层面数字资产监管的整体路径变得复杂化，尤其是在各机构仍在争夺管辖权边界的当下。
此案出现之际，数字资产的监管清晰度在多个方面仍存争议。美国证券交易委员会（SEC）主席已承认，美国的监管未能跟上区块链行业的发展步伐。同时，SEC 单独发布了面向机构投资者的加密自我托管框架，这表明多个监管机构正在各自划定立场，而缺乏国会的协调指导。
具体到比特币而言，此案的结果具有间接意义。国家信托特许状持有者一直是支撑基金和企业 treasury 操作的比特币托管基础设施的主要机构托管人。如果司法系统撤销货币监理署的特许权，托管活动可能会回流至由州特许的信托公司，从而在一个已经复杂的托管格局中增加管辖权的碎片化。目前案件处于活跃状态，暂无裁决时间表报道。
