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The Federal Reserve raises interest rates to pave the way for further policy tightening at the end o

2026-09-17 06:38:07
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美联储一致加息25个基点至3.75%-4.00%区间

美联储联邦公开市场委员会(FOMC)周三以12票全票通过的决议,将联邦基金利率目标区间上调25个基点至3.75%-4.00%。这是自2023年以来首次加息。

官员预期2026年至少再加息一次

在18名政策制定者中,有16人预计2026年内还将至少进行一次加息。最新的点阵图显示,年底前利率可能升至4.00%-4.25%,并维持这一水平直至2027年。相比之下,今年六月仅有六名政策制定者预测会有两次或更多的加息,显示出市场预期发生了显著转变。

与此同时,美联储上调了对经济增长和通胀的预测。官方将2026年的GDP增长预期上调至2.3%,失业率预期下调至4.1%,PCE通胀率预期上调至3.7%。长期来看,利率预计为:2027年3.9%,2028年3.2%,长期平均水平为3.2%。声明中删除了关于“供给冲击”的提及,暗示监管层对更广泛的价格压力表示关注。

市场反应:股市上涨,国债收益率下跌

尽管新发布的经济展望信号表明年底前将继续收紧政策,但市场消化了这一加息决定后仍保持涨幅。标普500指数上涨0.4%,纳斯达克100指数上涨0.8%。受此影响,美国国债收益率普遍下降,其中10年期国债收益率下跌5个基点至4.96%,2年期国债收益率下跌2个基点至4.64%。

原油价格在决定公布后继续走低,西德克萨斯中质原油(WTI)跌幅约为3%。除了高利率带来的压力外,沙特阿拉伯通过阿曼增加出口量以及较软的库存数据也是导致油价承压的因素。

预测平台Polymarket的交易员对此反应迅速,倾向于认为美联储将在10月暂停加息。市场定价显示,12月再次加息25个基点的概率为67%。

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