Polygon 概览:链 ID 137 与作为 Gas 及质押代币的 POL
Polygon 是一个独立的网络,链 ID 为 137,定位为以太坊的快速且低成本补充方案。在技术层面,它与以太坊虚拟机(EVM)兼容:相同的智能合约(即区块链上自动执行的程序)可以在两个网络上无修改地运行,代币遵循 ERC-20 标准。
自切换以来,网络代币更名为 POL,并取代了 MATIC。POL 承担两项职能:一是支付交易费用,二是作为质押存款(即将代币锁定以保障网络安全并获得奖励)。如果您钱包中仍有旧的 MATIC 余额,请检查是否已完成切换。在交易所中,这通常是自动进行的;而在非托管钱包中,则未必总是如此。
该项目也在战略上重新定位。曾经各种应用的试验田,现已转变为致力于成为支付和稳定币的基础设施。这一方向解释了下文所述的网络变化。
2026 年 Polygon 的使用者:7.65 亿美元总锁仓价值与每月 3700 万美元手续费
总锁仓价值(TVL)是指存储在网络合约中的资产总值。根据 DeFiLlama 的数据,截至 2026 年 9 月 28 日,Polygon 的 TVL 恰好为 7.65279235 亿美元。作为对比,在同一查询条件下:Arbitrum 为 14.3 亿美元,仅于 7 月推出的 Robinhood Chain 为 10.2 亿美元,Base 为 61.9 亿美元。一个曾在 2021 年位居行业前列的网络,如今已落后于一个成立仅三个月的网络。
交易情况类似。Polygon 的去中心化交易所过去 30 天的交易量为 67.3 亿美元,7 天为 13.5 亿美元,24 小时为 2.07 亿美元。所有协议产生的总手续费在过去 30 天内为 3705 万美元,7 天为 710 万美元,24 小时为 92.9 万美元。
因此,“被遗弃的网络”这一印象是不正确的,但只有一半正确。交易量仍在数十亿美元级别,关键在于是谁在进行交易。
单一协议贡献了 83.6% 的手续费,且该协议计划撤离
在过去 30 天产生的 3705 万美元手续费中,有 3098 万美元源自行业内最大的预测市场 Polymarket。预测市场是买卖未来事件发生概率份额的场所。虽然按交易量计算其占比较小,但仍占相当比重:过去 30 天交易量为 22 亿美元,占总量的 32.7%。
Polymarket 已公开宣布将迁移至其自有链。负责 DeFi 领域的工程主管 Josh Stevens 在 4 月 25 日写道,Polymarket 的发展显然已超出其自身基础设施的能力。迁移的原因是区块空间竞争:当许多应用同时争夺区块空间时,费用会波动,确认时间会延迟,而高频交易平台难以忍受这两者。拥有自己的链可以完全控制出块时间和费用。
关于依赖程度的数据存在差异,而范围本身即是新闻。关于此次迁移的报道指出 Polymarket 占 Polygon 费用的 56.3%。而我于 9 月 28 日的测量结果显示为 83.6%。随着迁移准备的进行,依赖性反而增长了。对 Polygon 而言,这意味着主要收入来源的流失,而非众多重要客户中的一位离开。我们在《Polymarket 及其欧盟授权》一文中描述了 Polymarket 在欧洲的监管定位。
目前尚未公开设定迁移日期,且截至最新消息,目标链也未最终确定。如果您持有 POL,请关注该日期,因为它是影响网络收入的最关键因素。
注:近 84% 的 Polygon 手续费来自单一协议。如果该协议迁出,网络大厅将变得非常空旷。
Courtyard、Quickswap、Aave:失去 Polymarket 后剩下什么
第二梯队值得仔细审视,因为它展示了网络自身的承载能力。截至 9 月 28 日的 30 天内,网络本身收取了 221 万美元的手续费。紧随其后的是 Courtyard,收取 217 万美元,这是一个将实体收藏卡牌存入金库并将其代币化以供交易的服务。随后是 Quickswap(90.8 万美元)、Uniswap V4(68 万美元)、Uniswap V3(49.6 万美元)、MetaMask 中的预测功能(42.6 万美元)以及 Aave V3 借贷协议(26.5 万美元)。
剔除 Polymarket 后,剩余所有协议每月的总手续费约为 607 万美元。这不是一条死链,但它是一条规模较小的链。值得注意的是其构成:最强的剩余单项是实体收藏品的代币化,领先于任何交易和借贷协议。任何测试“支付链”故事的人都会在这里找到第一条证据,证明 Polygon 确实被用于纯粹加密交易之外的场景。
POL 较历史最高点下跌 90.8%
根据 CoinGecko 于 2026 年 9 月 28 日测量的基础数据:POL 交易价格为 0.1191 美元(约合 0.1048 欧元)。市值为 12.65 亿美元,流通代币约 106.2 亿枚。历史最高价为 1.29 美元,出现于 2024 年 3 月 13 日。这意味着代币价格距峰值下跌了 90.8%。
A short-term perspective is more friendly than a long-term perspective. Prices have risen 13.6% in the past 30 days; the past twelve months have shown a loss of 46.3%. Both are observations rather than predictions. We do not provide price targets, and anyone reading price targets should check who set them and what they are based on.
Supply is crucial to classification. The circulating supply of POL is almost the same as the total supply, so there are no large number of ununlocked tokens to be released, which will increase the price burden. However, there are cases where new tokens continue to be issued to pay for pledge rewards and ecosystem funds. Holding POL without pledge means bearing the dilution effect without sharing the benefits. See our pledge provider comparison article for common ways to change this situation.
Payments and stablecoins: US$2.99 billion deposited on the chain
stablecoins are tokens pegged to currencies and designed to track their value. On Polygon, DeFiLlama measured the total amount of such tokens at US$2.99 billion on September 28, 2026. This exceeds the entire TVL of the network and is the real reason why the project is optimistic about the future of payments: People sending transfers don't need credit or revenue; they need fees in the range of a few cents and reliable confirmation.
On its website, the project puts this focus at its core and describes the network as a groundwork for mobile money rather than a speculative area. Part of the reason lies in Agglayer, a layer of technology designed to aggregate liquidity across multiple EVM networks to prevent balances from being spread across dozens of chains.
对于身处德国的用户而言,实际要点在于其他地方:Polygon 上的稳定币并非银行存款。没有存款保险,且锚定参考值取决于发行人的背书。如果您真正想用加密货币进行支付,使用卡片是更常见的途径;差异详见加密货币信用卡比较文章。
2026 年 7 月 29 日的 Ithaca 硬分叉:支付功能的故障转移
硬分叉是每个参与者都必须采用的网络规则变更。根据相关报道,名为 Ithaca 的分叉于 2026 年 7 月 29 日在 Polygon 主网上线,这是五个月内第四次更新。
其内容完全契合支付策略。Ithaca 带来了自动故障转移功能,当区块生产者掉线时保持运营,增加了过滤特别繁重交易的额外检查,并为节点运营商提供了更好的监控工具。这些特性并不令投资者兴奋,而是支付提供商在将真金白银投入网络前所要求的属性。
对持有者而言,最重要的一点是:在此类变更前后,交易所会暂停存取款数小时。此时想要取款的人必须等待。在宣布日期之前,请查看您的提供商是否标记了暂停状态。
注:通过交易所或桥接进入链,决定了您的费用和等待时间。
添加网络、桥接、Polygonscan:通往链上的实际操作路径
There are two routes to Polygon, and the most convenient one is often not the one mentioned first in the guide.
The simple route is through the exchange: buy POL or stablecoins and withdraw them directly to the Polygon network. Be careful when choosing a network, because the same currency usually exists on multiple chains, and withdrawing money to the wrong network may lead to the loss of funds. Always send the small test amount first.
The second route is the bridging service, which locks a certain amount of money on the source network and credits the corresponding amount on the target network. Fees are charged on both sides, which is more profitable mainly when your balance is already in your self-managed wallet. You enter the chain with Chain ID 137; most widely used wallets now recognize Polygon without manual entry. Never enter any network access points provided in the message.
You can view every movement in the Polygonscan Explorer. Browser is the web's public ledger search tool that can view every transaction, address and contract. In daily use, the two most important features are: viewing an overview of the approval rights you have granted, and the ability to track stuck transactions.
Trading venues on Polygon: Uniswap V4 and Quickswap
Measured in trading volume over the past 30 days, Polymarket leads with $2.2 billion, followed by Uniswap V4 ($1.79 billion), Uniswap V3 ($727 million), Ramses ($579 million), Metric ($510 million) and Quickswap ($302 million).
值得一提的是 Quickswap,它是少数几个仅在 Polygon 上成长起来并至今仍在运营的大型场所之一。在手续费方面,它甚至高于两个版本的 Uniswap。如果在链上进行兑换,事先需比较两件事:场所的费用和相关交易对的深度。在流动性稀薄的交易对中,价差成本可能高于任何手续费。
Polygon 上的 NFT:金库中的收藏卡牌而非个人资料图片
在 2021 年和 2022 年,Polygon 是廉价 NFT 项目的标准选择,因为铸造成本仅为几美分而非数十美元。那场浪潮已所剩无几。取而代之的更有趣:该网络仅次于 Polymarket 的第二大收入来源(过去 30 天收取 217 万美元),是一项将存储的卡牌代币化并提供实物赎回服务的实体收藏卡牌业务。
这与个人资料图片类型的 NFT 不同:背后是金库中的实物对象。这意味着估值面临两种风险叠加,即收藏家市场的风险和保管人持有对象并在争议中交付的对象保管风险。
风险:单一协议依赖、陈旧批准、流动性薄
在资金进入此链之前,四点应列入清单:
集中度风险。 一条从单一应用中抽取 83.6% 手续费的链依赖于该应用。这是 Polygon 当前最大的风险,且已公开宣布。
陈旧的批准。Users who have been active on Polygon since 2021 are likely to have granted approvals for contracts that have long ceased to be maintained. Unless revoked, the approval remains in effect and can be used by subsequent attackers who take over the contract. Browsing through the list once in Polygonscan is the most worthwhile half hour for long-term users.
Old tokens are weak in liquidity. Many projects from Polygon's heyday have rarely been traded. Quotation does not mean that there is a buyer at that price.
Custody risks. Keeping POL on the exchange means trusting the provider. For long-term possession, wallets with your own private keys are the obvious choice, and recovery phrases should be kept safely away from home.
German cryptocurrency tax: POL pledge is not a tax-free side effect
For German investors, there are three points related, the second of which is often ignored:
First, sell. According to Section 23 of the German Income Tax Code (EstG), the sale or exchange of POL is a private disposal. After one year of holding, the proceeds are exempt from tax; below one year, a total exemption of € 1,000 per year applies to all such transactions, and once exceeded, all proceeds are taxable. In this context, exchanging POL for stablecoins is already considered a sale.
Second, pledge rewards. 它们必须记录为其他收入,按到达时的价值评估,并适用单独且较低的每年 256 欧元豁免额。收到的金额同时也是未来处置的获取价值,从此开始重新计算一年期。因此,每月领取奖励会在一年内累积成十二个独立项目。
第三,从 MATIC 切换到 POL。 这种交换是否被视为税务上的处置还是仅仅重命名,取决于具体的技术安排,这是税务师的问题,而非文章中的一行字。保留切换日期和价格的记录,以便支持任何一种解读。
Polygon: takeaway
Polygon 仍在被使用,且高度依赖单一应用。网络产生真实收入,但最大部分来自一家希望离开的公司。与此同时,一个更小且独立的生态系统已经形成,支付、稳定币和代币化收藏品主导着局面,而代币价格较 2024 年 3 月的高点下跌了 90.8%。
将 Polymarket 的迁移日期加入观察列表。 它是影响链收入的最关键因素。在此之前:调整仓位大小,以使网络收入下降处于可承受范围内,并根据费用选择场所,例如使用交易所比较工具。
在持有和质押之间做出明确决定。 仅持有 POL 意味着承担新代币的持续发行却不分享其中利益。提供商的条款和锁定期见质押比较文章。
Clear obsolete approvals and record pledge income. Both take time at one time, but can save more follow-up funds. To record inflows, the tools in Tax Tool Comparison can be helpful.
(As of September 28, 2026. This article does not constitute investment advice. Prices and fee structures are subject to change; please check terms with your provider before purchasing.)

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