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XTZ Tezos launches Quantumnet: The first quantumnet experimental test network is officially launched
Tezos has officially launched its first experimental post-quantum test network-Quantumnet. This is the first time that the network has integrated core components of the quantum-resistant Layer-1 blockchain into a single environment. The network was built by engineers at Nomadic Labs, as well as Trilitech and other ecosystem contributors. According to a project announcement posted on the Tezos Spotlight blog, Quantumnet is seen as an early preview of a post-quantum version of Tezos, marking an important milestone towards a full-fledged quantum instance on the main web.
Why start this work now?
No known quantum computer can crack the elliptic curve cryptography on which blockchain relies, but this time window is narrowing. As quantum error correction technology continues to improve, estimates of the resources needed to attack elliptic curve cryptography have dropped significantly, and Google has set 2029 as the deadline to complete the comprehensive migration of backward quantum cryptography. Tezos co-founder Arthur Breitman said he was pleased that the project was at the "forefront of post-quantum readiness" and positioned the testnet as a proactive response to potential threats rather than a passive reaction.
What changes have occurred within Quantumnet?
The testnet introduces quantum-resistant alternatives at multiple levels of the protocol:
- Account signature: The ML-DSA-44 signature scheme standardized by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is adopted. The program was activated in the form of a feature flag through the Ushuaia amendment in June.
- Baking rights mechanism: Removed the verifiable delay function (VDF) and replaced the existing lottery mechanism with "Smooth Weighted Round Robin" to allocate rights based on the baker's weight.
- Consensus proof: migrated from BLS signatures to hash-based XMSS signatures and integrated the post-quantum STARK aggregation system built by the Lean Ethereum project.
- Data Availability Layer: Replaced the original KZG commitment with ZODA. ZODA is a two-dimensional tensor code design designed to avoid significantly increased data overhead.
- Confidential transactions: is handled by TzEL at the application level, Sapling and time-lock puzzles are not included in this iteration.
Test ground before protocol upgrade
Quantumnet is clearly experimental in nature and is not used in a production environment. Its hardware requirements are expected to be higher than the lightest Tezos settings, but remain within the acceptable range for consumer hardware. Development work will be done in the open state, tracking network activity in real time through public dashboards, aiming to strengthen individual components and ultimately submit them as protocol upgrade proposals. There is a precedent for this path: Tezos On-Chain Governance has successfully pushed the network through 21 upgrades, including the 12th Lima upgrade to make the chain lighter and more secure. In addition, the work also reflects an industry-wide trend towards similar proposals, such as a post-quantum rewrite of Ethereum deposit contracts.
