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美国证券交易委员会更新加密资产指南,海丝特·皮尔斯将于10月辞职

2026-09-29 04:40:16
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美国SEC更新加密资产指南,海斯特的辞职将在十月生效

美国证券交易委员会(SEC)已修订其关于联邦证券法如何适用于特定数字资产及涉及加密货币的特定交易的方法,此举与商品期货交易委员会(CFTC)最近的举措相呼应。

SEC关于数字资产的新指导方针

周五,SEC更新了于三月首次发布的常见问题解答(FAQs),声明新指南不具有约束力,且不创建或修改任何法律义务。该机构澄清称,该FAQ反映了SEC对《豪威测试》(Howey Test)下各类数字资产何时可能构成投资合同的最新观点。

SEC指出,如果加密系统已经功能完善且在无中央控制方的情况下运作,代币发行商可以为他们的客户启动回购计划。在这种情况下,缺乏监督关键管理活动的中央实体,很可能意味着这些代币不会被归类为联邦证券法下的投资合同。

该机构还就加密网络提供了指导,表示提供功能性系统或对系统功能进行改进的网络,或提供增强网络效应的服务的网络,可能不符合《豪威测试》所概述的投资合同标准。

在另一项澄清中,SEC表示,质押收据代币——向参与权益证明协议的用户发行的代币——可能不会自动被视为证券,具体取决于其发行和使用的具体情况。

术语解释:豪威测试

豪威测试是由美国最高法院于1946年确立的一项法律标准,用于确定某项交易是否构成受证券法管辖的投资合同。该测试考量是否存在共同企业中的资金投资,以及是否主要依赖他人的努力来预期获利。

SEC澄清称,其对加密指南的更新不具有约束力,不改变现有法律,也不施加新的义务,并强调数字资产是否符合证券资格在很大程度上取决于是否存在行使关键管理控制的中央实体。

立法停滞背景下监管机构的行动

SEC的更新紧随CFTC向数字代币发行商发布类似建议之后。这些发展发生在参议院未能通过一项法案以正式确立这两个机构在加密市场监管中更清晰的角色之后。SEC主席保罗·阿特金斯(Paul Atkins)和CFTC主席迈克尔·塞利格(Michael Selig)均发表声明,承认他们在等待国会新法律期间,有意解决监管空白。

CFTC是美国负责监督衍生品和商品市场的联邦监管机构。该机构旨在扩大其对日益增长的数字资产领域的监管,这在将资产定义为证券或商品时经常与SEC的管辖权重叠。

SEC与CFTC之间的合作反映了美国数字货币监管格局中持续存在的不确定性,并凸显了在没有全面国会行动的情况下,两个监管机构正在采取的临时措施。

Regulatory Authority Main Focus Recent actions SEC Securities and Investor Protection Published updated explanatory guidance for crypto assets CFTC Commodities, derivatives Provide guidance for token issuers

Officials from the SEC and CFTC both said they are committed to independently resolving crypto regulation issues while awaiting further legislative guidance from Congress.

Hester Peirce plans to resign

Commissioner Hester Peirce, who has served on the SEC since 2018, is well known in the cryptocurrency field for her pro-digital stance and is known as the "Crypto Mom." She announced her plan to leave the company effective October 2. She plans to serve as an associate professor at Regent University Law School starting in November.

With Pierce's departure, the SEC's leadership will be composed of Chairman Paul Atkins and Commissioner Mark Uyeda, both Republicans operating in a typical five-member bipartisan group. As of Monday, U.S. President Donald Trump had not nominated a candidate to fill Pierce's position or the two other vacant Democratic seats on the committee.

皮尔斯的退出标志着监管机构构成的重大变化,因为SEC继续在其不断演变的数字资产监管方法中导航。行业观察人士密切关注谁将被提名填补这些空缺角色,以及这些变化将如何影响未来的加密资产监管。

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