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以太坊将在Hegota分叉后迎来重大转变，但丁表示

2026-09-28 08:20:54

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Ethereum News: Vitalik Buterin elaborates on vision for "Encrypted World Computer"

Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin published a long article describing the transformation path of his network after the next major upgrade, calling this result the "Encrypted World Computer."

This article positions Ethereum (ETH) as a transition from a traditional blockchain model to a hybrid system based on advanced cryptography. Buterin's article focuses on the Hegota fork, which is expected to be completed by the end of 2026. He described Hegota as likely the last "regular" fork for Ethereum, meaning it will still contain features familiar to users who used the network in 2015.

What happens after the Hegota fork?

According to the article, all plans since Hegota involved different types of change. Buterin lists recursive STARKs, automated formal verification, more efficient consensus algorithms, and anti-quantum cryptography as core components for the next phase.

He believes that Ethereum has shared some characteristics with Bitcoin (BTC), the original blockchain created in 2009, since its inception. But he said technology has changed enough that it now makes sense to describe Ethereum in terms of a fundamentally different system. He wrote that this shift combines the original blockchain concept with cryptographic tools that were not present or immature when Bitcoin was launched.

文章中提到了几个关键技术构建模块。其中包括 FOCIL，这是一种旨在保证有效交易被包含在区块中的机制；以及 EIP-8288，这是一项与该网络向更精简的共识机制转变相关的提案。Buterin 还引用了零知识证明，允许一方在不透露底层数据的情况下证明声明的真实性。他表示，这些证明将在网络的基础层发挥更大的作用，而不仅仅局限于个别应用程序内部。

去中心化如何成为性能优势

Buterin 描述了网络的去中心化结构对性能影响方式的转变。他表示，去中心化通常被视为安全性和稳健性的权衡，但在某些情况下，它现在也能提升性能。他指出，能够并行存储更大体积的数据，并在内存池（mempool，即待处理交易在加入区块前的等待区域）中同时处理更多的计算。

他还解决了用户面临的权衡变化问题。Buterin 写道，通过旨在保证实时交易包含的 FOCIL，抵抗审查的能力将得到加强。他表示，区块链延迟也将得到改善，从目前的大约每区块 17 秒和约 12 个确认耗时 200 秒，转变为新设计下估计的每个插槽四到八秒，以及最终确定耗时八到三十二秒。

相关文章：Tom Lee 称以太坊价格可在 2026 年创下历史新高

Buterin 还提出了名为混淆技术（Obfuscation），有时也被称为 iO 的长期可能性。他表示，完全开发的混淆技术可以消除隐私与通用计算之间的权衡，允许许多参与者以完全加密的形式运行复杂程序。他指出，即使是早期或有限的混淆版本也能支持诸如加密内存池等工具，尽管他承认路线图的其他部分并不依赖这项技术的可用性。

文章也承认了尚未解决的挑战。Buterin 表示，使零知识卷积（zero-knowledge rollups）及相关证明系统足够高效仍然困难，尽管人工智能工具正在帮助推进这一进程。他将管理大量网络状态描述为一个更大且更复杂的问题，随着新应用的涌现，需要进一步的工作来解决。

以太坊最初通过与数据处理可用性相关的 PeerDAS 升级开始偏离纯粹的区块链模型。Buterin 表示，一旦 Hegota 上线，这种转变将成为网络的主要故事线，建立在一种与区块链最初依赖的工作量证明（PoW）系统截然不同的共识机制之上。他表示，目标是实现比仅使用早期区块链设计更便宜、更具可扩展性且更具隐私性的高安全性计算。

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