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ETH Ethereum“Glamsterdam”升级在Sepolia测试网成功上线，主网激活在即
Ethereum（以太坊）的“Glamsterdam”升级已在Sepolia测试网上正式启用，这标志着该平台在向提升可扩展性和效率迈进的道路上迈出了关键一步。据Ethereum社区贡献者Pooja Ranjan在X平台发布的消息确认，该升级于周二协调世界时（UTC）下午1点53分在Sepolia网络正式上线。
Glamsterdam升级的核心变更
根据Ethereum基金会（EF）的介绍，“Glamsterdam”旨在通过引入几项重大变革来改善Layer-1层面的扩展能力。这些变革包括：确立提议者-构建者分离机制（ePBS）、引入区块级访问列表（Block-Level Access Lists），以及优化Gas定价以更准确地反映实际执行成本。
此次升级的核心组件是“确立提议者-构建者分离”（EIP-7732）。该机制在以太坊共识协议中清晰地区分了区块提议者和区块构建者的角色。这一机制进一步将共识验证与执行验证分离开来，使验证者拥有更多时间来验证执行载荷，从而支持更高的交易吞吐量。
目前，以太坊采用顺序处理交易的模式。未来的并行处理优化有望允许以太坊同时处理更多交易，并在不提高全网Gas上限的情况下增加区块大小。
Another important initiative is EIP-7928, which introduces block-level access lists (BALS). These access lists record each account and storage location used during the block, as well as changes in the status of the blockchain after the transaction. This feature allows client software to read data from disk in parallel and verify transactions, improving the efficiency of network computing state roots.
Noun explanation:
Enshrined Proposer-Builder Separation (ePBS) is a protocol-level implementation that assigns the proposal and building roles of new blocks to different entities, aiming to improve network efficiency, decentralization and security.
In a blog post published as early as May this year, the Ethereum Foundation confirmed that it would set a lower limit of 200 million Gas for "Glamstam", which is higher than the current level of about 60 million. This change is expected to significantly speed up transactions after the upgrade.
Final steps before mainnet deployment
After the deployment of the Sepolia testnet is complete, Ethereum developers plan to determine the activation date for "Glamstam" on the Hoodi testnet. Hoodi is the next preview network before mainnet integration. The final decision on the start-up of the main network will be made after a performance and stability evaluation of the test network.
Developers believe that "Glamstam" is one of the most important upgrades for Ethereum in 2026 because of its potential to simplify the network architecture and support future expansion innovations. Following the recent Fusaka upgrade,"Glamstam" continues to push the project to provide higher availability and performance to a global user base.
The Ethereum Foundation, known for its leadership in open source blockchain development, is promoting this upgrade to consolidate Ethereum's position as a leading decentralized network for smart contracts and decentralized applications. Industry observers and participating stakeholders continue to pay attention to this phased rollover process and look forward to the timetable for the activation of the entire main network.
By increasing the Gas limit to 200 million, Ethereum is expected to see a significant increase in transaction speed after the upgrade of "Glamstam". The established proposer-builder separation and block-level access lists in this upgrade are designed to enhance the scalability and user experience of the network.
