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More Bitcoin miners have completely withdrawn from the computing power track, and AI and high-perfor

2026-09-16 03:34:58
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比特币矿工大规模转向AI:算力归零与战略转型

那些完全停止哈希运算以专注于其他业务(在大多数情况下是人工智能)的比特币矿工群体,正持续吸引越来越多的新进入者。对他们而言,电力资源现在作为AI租户的价值,远高于来自比特币网络的任何收益。

Keel 算力降至零,Core Scientific 付费退出

最明显的全面退出信号来自 Keel(纳斯达克代码:KEEL),这家前身为 Bitfarms 的运营商。根据 CoinShares 2026年第二季度挖矿报告,Keel 于4月关闭了 Moses Lake 站点,并于6月29日关闭了其最后的三个采矿站点——Panther Creek、Scrubgrass 和 Sharon。因此,该公司第三季度将没有任何挖矿收入,成为首家实现算力归零的上市矿企。

清算成本严重冲击了该矿企的毛利率,使其在本季度降至负285%,这是因为退役设备加速折旧所致。Keel 还以平均价格69,100美元出售了1,085枚BTC,套现约7,500万美元,并表示计划在年底前清算剩余的1,861枚比特币。

其他公司也在花钱退出市场。据报道,Core Scientific(纳斯达克代码:CORZ)向 Block 的 Proto 部门支付了4,190万美元,以取消约15艾哈希/秒(EH/s)下一代3nm挖矿芯片的合同。据悉,这些硬件是有史以来能效最高的设备。其自挖矿业务的毛利率下降了56%。管理层表示,他们仅运行剩余机器以覆盖电力合同义务,同时转换站点用途。

Cipher Digital(纳斯达克代码:CIFR,前身为 Cipher Mining)告知投资者,它将不再进行挖矿资本支出,并预计将在2027年底前彻底退出该业务。

Hyperscale 改造密歇根矿区

Hyperscale Data(纽约证券交易所美国版代码:GPUS)于9月1日切断了其位于密歇根州 Dowagiac 设施的比特币矿工电源,为迎接AI托管客户做准备。这项与一家未具名的加州新兴云提供商达成的20兆瓦交易,十年期价值超过12亿美元;如果客户行使另外32兆瓦的选择权,总价值可能高达30亿美元。

首席执行官 William Horne 表示,关闭比特币挖矿使公司能够将站点的电力和基础设施集中服务于即将入驻的客户。

据 Hashrate Index 数据显示,平均月度总算力从第一季度的约1,066 EH/s下降至第二季度的1,004 EH/s,再到第三季度的940 EH/s,季度环比下降6.3%,较2025年12月的峰值低约12%。

Luxor 首席运营官 Ethan Vera 对此趋势评论道:“这是一次结构性转变,而不仅仅是周期性低谷。”他补充说,“各地的矿工正在被重新估值为能源和AI基础设施。”

经济模型已失效

根据 CoinShares 的数据,第二季度开采一枚比特币的平均税后现金成本约为75,500美元,而比特币在该时期结束时价格为58,400美元,不到其2025年10月纪录高点的一半。在2025年第四季度,挖矿成本约为79,995美元,比特币价格在68,000至70,000美元之间,导致运营商每枚币亏损约19,000美元。自公共矿企 treasury 达到峰值以来,已有超过15,000枚BTC被售出。

尽管矿工因挖矿业务遭受损失,但AI领域的资金流入起到了救援作用。整个行业已宣布超过700亿美元的AI和高性能计算(HPC)合同。其中包括 IREN 与微软达成的97亿美元交易、TeraWulf 与 Anthropic 达成的约190亿美元协议,以及 Core Scientific 预期的超过140亿美元的合同收入。

黄金倡导者和长期加密货币怀疑论者 Peter Schiff 在 X 平台上写道,AI 并非比特币的顺风车,而是竞争对手,争夺相同的资本、电力和数据中心空间。

为何无法回头

Once a site is transformed, it is often difficult to reverse. "Once that multi-gigawatt of power infrastructure is transformed for AI or HPC hosting, there is no going back," said Wolfie Zhao of The Energy Mag. He added that public miners are expected to continue to scale back their hashing operations in the coming quarters.

Regulation deepens this moat. The CoinShares report shows that there are currently at least 225 suspensions or restrictions on data center development in 30 states, of which 151 are still in implementation. New York State implemented its first statewide moratorium on July 14, 2026.

This scarcity is already reflected in stock prices. Mining companies with contracted AI or HPC capacity have an average forward sales P/E ratio of 12.9 times, compared with 3.7 times for miners without such contracts. Although the backlog of orders currently disclosed exceeds US$100 billion, the annualized revenue generated is only approximately US$1.1 billion per year.

However, not all mining companies have given up mining. Haris Basit, chief strategy officer at Bitdeer, said the company will continue mining while signing a 16-year computing services contract with Anthropic, betting on a dual-use model where flexible mining fills the gap between contracted AI loads.

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