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Following欧洲加密监管风云：币安希腊牌照申请背后的深层博弈
在欧洲，币安（Binance）的案件正呈现出意想不到的制度性转折。据《华尔街日报》调查报道，欧洲央行行长克里斯蒂娜·拉加德（Christine Lagarde）被指亲自介入，以阻止该交易所在希腊获得《加密资产市场法规》（MiCA）牌照。这一干预尤为敏感，因为欧洲央行在官方层面并不具备颁发此类批准的权力。这场对峙背后浮现出两大核心议题：美元稳定币在欧洲的地位，以及欧盟内部加密监管的未来架构。
事件概要
- 据报道，克里斯蒂娜·拉加德介入以延缓币安在希腊的MiCA牌照审批进程。
- 币安声称，其申请材料在流程受阻前已处于完整状态。
- 欧洲央行并不具备颁发MiCA牌照的正式权力。
- 据悉，拉加德担忧的核心在于美元挂钩稳定币的影响。
- 币安坚持其目标，即获取MiCA授权以在欧洲开展业务。
希腊申请在最后时刻遭遇停滞
According to the Wall Street Journal, a senior Greek official told Binance that Christine Lagarde wanted to delay a decision on her application until expected reforms transfer authorization authority to the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA). In fact, the current MiCA system relies on national regulatory agencies in various countries. As a result, licenses obtained in a member state then allow service providers to provide their services across the EU.
Following the final decision of the Greek Capital Markets Committee (HCMC) to refuse approval at the last minute, Binan withdrew its application in Greece in mid-June. In addition, the trading platform has begun to reduce the scale of its operations. Although in early July, Binance Europe head Gillian Lynch assured that the process had entered an advanced stage. She pointed out: "Our document was judged to be complete" and emphasized: "There are no flaws and no important elements are pending."
The main regulatory process elements can be summarized as follows:
- Binance submitted a MiCA authorization application to Greek regulator HCMC;
- According to Gillian Lynch's statement, the document is considered complete;
- The application was finally withdrawn in mid-June after a last-minute rejection by Greek regulators;
- The ECB does not have the formal authority to issue these licenses, and this function currently belongs to national regulators.
The European Central Bank reiterated that it does not play any institutional role in the authorization process of crypto service providers.
欧洲央行对美元稳定币日益增长的影响力表示担忧
据归因于克里斯蒂娜·拉加德的干预并非完全与币安的行政档案有关。据报道，欧洲央行行长担心，该平台庞大的规模将促进美元挂钩稳定币在欧洲的使用。这种增长可能会与数字欧元项目以及以单一货币计价的替代方案形成竞争。
这种货币维度赋予了此案不同的范围。币安不仅仅是一个MiCA牌照的申请者。其存在和规模可能会影响欧洲市场内的加密资产使用情况。此外，据报道，由于对其合规历史的担忧，ESMA私下建议各国监管机构拒绝币安提交的申请。
币安的监管历史继续影响其欧洲战略
欧洲的担忧源于币安在过去几年中在监管方面经历的诸多困难。2023年，赵长鹏（Changpeng Zhao）在美国承认违反《银行保密法》。币安同意支付43亿美元的罚款。其创始人随后于2024年在加利福尼亚服刑四个月，并于2025年10月获得特赦。
面对关于希腊事件的披露，币安采取了谨慎的态度。尽管如此，该公司仍坚持其欧洲目标：“在欧洲，币安决心长期运营，并完全遵守欧洲加密资产市场法规（MiCA）”。公司补充道：“我们积极致力于获得MiCA批准，我们认为这是在欧洲市场为用户提供顺畅、受监管且值得信赖的服务的关键步骤”。
如果干预得到证实，这将说明一个没有正式许可权的机构在触及货币主权问题时可以施加多大的政治影响力。这也引发了关于许可证是否可能集中由ESMA管理的辩论。对于币安而言，目标保持不变：获得MiCA授权，并在持续跟随平台的监管历史背景下，保留其进入欧洲市场的通道。
