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Following参议院民主党调查员指控：伊朗关联加密钱包高度依赖USDT，呼吁对Tether展开调查
近日，美国参议院常设调查小组委员会的民主党调查人员发布报告指出，在与伊朗相关的846个被制裁或标记的加密钱包中，有84%的交易几乎完全使用USDT（泰达币）。这一发现引发了市场对稳定币合规性的广泛质疑。作为该小组委员会的资深民主党议员，理查德·布卢门撒尔（Richard Blumenthal）已正式要求美国司法部及财政部对Tether的反洗钱（AML）及制裁合规情况进行深入调查。
“与恐怖主义绑定”：调查报告揭示资金流向
布卢门撒尔议员与小组委员会少数党工作人员联合发布的报告题为《与恐怖主义绑定》（Tethered to Terrorism），将USDT描述为伊朗影子银行网络中的“重要金融生命线”。报告基于超过五年的区块链记录分析，并审查了由美国财政部外国资产控制办公室（OFAC）以及以色列国家反恐融资局认定的、与伊朗及其他地区代理组织相关的846个钱包地址。
数据显示，以色列国家反恐融资局认定的757个相关钱包中，有87%的交易价值中有80%是通过USDT进行的；而OFAC指定的钱包中，也有57%使用了USDT进行交易。此外，报告还发现，两名受制裁的伊朗国民Alireza Derakhshan和Arash Estaki Alivand在2021年至2025年期间，从随后被OFAC制裁的地址接收了高达6.03亿美元的USDT。
调查人员利用泄露的文件和交易记录，还将两个钱包与伊朗中央银行联系起来。数据显示，这两个钱包在2025年4月至5月期间接收了5,000万美元的USDT，而与Modex Exchange Company相关的三个钱包则接收了5.75亿美元的USDT。
区块链公司佐证：大额稳定币流动与伊朗有关联
多家区块链分析公司也确认了与伊朗相关的大额稳定币流动情况。2025年，Elliptic报告称，以色列当局标记的187个与伊斯兰革命卫队（IRGC）有关联的钱包地址，共接收了15亿美元的USDT。不过，Elliptic澄清称，由于部分地址可能属于服务提供商，无法确定每一笔交易是否直接关联到IRGC。
Tether响应迟缓？调查员质疑钱包冻结效率
调查重点还集中在政府采取行动后，Tether对钱包实施黑名单封禁的速度上。Tether拥有阻止特定地址持有USDT并防止代币转移的能力。然而，民主党调查员指控，即使在受到反恐指定标记或制裁后，部分钱包仍保持活跃状态。
调查员举了一个例子：以色列将39个与真主党知名资助者Tawfiq Muhammad Sa’id Al-Law有关联的钱包列为指定对象。Tether最初仅封锁了其中5个钱包，其余34个直到2024年3月才被列入黑名单。调查人员指出，在发出扣押通知后，仍有3,460万美元的USDT从这些钱包中转出。
Tether反驳调查结果并强调合规努力
针对报告的发现及其对合规记录的批评，Tether发表声明予以否认。公司表示，其协助冻结了与伊朗相关的5.5亿美元资产。首席执行官Paolo Ardoino强调：“USDT绝不是受制裁行为体、恐怖组织或犯罪网络的避风港。”
Tether also highlighted its significant actions at two addresses linked to the Central Bank of Iran, when more than $344 million in USDT was frozen. In July of the same year, the company froze an additional $130 million in four Tron chain wallets related to the Central Bank. The company claims that it has worked directly with OFAC, the Department of Justice, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), the Secret Service, the Department of Homeland Security and other agencies to support more than 2,900 investigations around the world, of which more than 1,600 involved U.S. law enforcement agencies, with a cumulative amount of frozen assets reaching US$4.9 billion. Analysis by independent analyst firm Chainalysis shows that the above four wallets had US$131 million remaining when they were frozen, and previously received a total of US$165 million in stablecoins.
Councilors wrote to the Treasury Secretary and Attorney General requesting a formal investigation
Councilors Blumenthal has submitted the report to Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent and Attorney General Todd Blanche and called for an investigation into Tether's anti-money laundering and compliance practices to determine whether they violated any federal laws. Earlier, Blumenthal sent a letter to Tether on June 4 requesting relevant records on wallet freezes and sanctioned exchanges. Although Tether confirmed receipt of the letter, it has not responded so far.
At the same time, U.S. authorities continue to investigate crypto assets linked to Iran. The U.S. Attorney's Office for the Southern District of New York filed a civil forfeiture lawsuit on September 14, seeking to recover $61 million in cryptocurrency. Prosecutors allege that the cryptocurrencies originated from the black market sales of Iranian oil and petroleum products.
