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Former Ripple CTO exposes major flaws in stablecoin payment design

2026-09-15 20:21:52
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总结

David Schwartz 指出,早期设计中的一个失误导致稳定币支付变得令人困惑,其核心问题在于通过不同的交易代码将相同的数字美元进行了分割。他提出的解决方案结合了全球资产标签与接收方定义的发行商偏好,使得钱包能够在不剥夺用户控制权的前提下简化支付流程。

XRP Ledger 的信任线机制已支持发行商选择,但钱包界面往往忽视了重要的身份标识、赎回条款以及相关的交易对手风险。

XRP Ledger 首席架构师 David Schwartz 承认,早期存在的一个设计缺陷至今仍在为主流用户带来稳定币支付的复杂性。据 Schwartz 介绍,开发人员曾预期每种以美元为支撑的稳定币都会使用“USD”作为通用货币代码。因此,他们认为账本无需支持单独的交易代码(Ticker Symbols)。

开发人员原本认为,钱包将独立识别发行商并分配适当的交易代码,但稳定币市场的发展并未如预期般进行。多家公司创建了独立的数字美元,包括 USDT、USDC 和 RLUSD,这要求用户必须验证可接受的代币、发行商及网络。这种碎片化的结构使得稳定币交易不够直观,因为用户在遇到缩写时,缺乏关于背后支持公司的充分信息。

Schwartz 将此问题归咎于钱包界面而非 XRP Ledger 的设计本身,因为大多数钱包优先显示交易代码而非发行商身份。

Schwartz 提议两种类型的稳定币交易代码

Schwartz 提出了“全球交易代码”和“用户定义交易代码”的概念。全球标签用于描述基础资产,例如美元。接收方可以基于受信任的发行商创建个人交易代码定义,从而使经过批准的不同稳定币统一显示在一个熟悉的“USD”标签下。

Schwartz 表示,他可以接受 RLUSD、USDT 或 USDC 作为美元,而其他用户则可以根据自身政策和风险偏好限制接受范围。此外,商户可以在无需客户理解技术差异的情况下批准稳定币,而钱包会在交易过程中静默应用这些偏好设置。

XRP Ledger 的信任线机制已经提供了类似的控制能力,允许用户选择特定资产和可接受的发行商。此外,账户持有人可以阻止不需要的资产,并为连接到特定发行商的代币设置暴露限额。

钱包界面忽视了发行商信息

Despite these controls, many cryptocurrency wallets still interpret assets mainly through text-based transaction codes, ignoring issuer information needed for secure payments. The same currency code may represent unrelated issuers with different reserves, redemption policies, and risks, making relying solely on trading codes insufficient.

Wallet developers can associate currency codes with verified issuers and allow recipients to group trusted stablecoins under custom payment tags. Schwartz's proposal puts acceptance rules under the control of recipients, allowing each business or individual to define which tokens meet the "dollar" criterion.

The improved wallet interface automates these preferences during the transaction process, simplifying the stablecoin payment experience while retaining issuer options and XRP Ledger security.

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