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ETH 以太坊基金会与开放匿名项目于2026年10月1日在以太坊主网上线zkAPI
根据以太坊基金会博客发布的一篇帖子，以太坊基金会（Ethereum Foundation）与开放匿名项目（Open Anonymity Project）于2026年10月1日正式在以太坊主网上推出了zkAPI系统。该系统允许用户在支付按量计费的API服务时，无需暴露其身份。
该系统的首个应用场景聚焦于人工智能推理（AI Inference）。由于提示词（Prompts）往往涉及敏感信息，而当前的计费链路会将每一次请求都与特定身份绑定，因此实现隐私保护显得尤为迫切。
支付与身份分离机制
用户通过单笔交易将ETH或USDC等信用额度存入以太坊上的金库合约中。此后，这些余额以“私人笔记”的形式存在，仅持有者方可支配。用户设备上的软件会生成零知识证明（Zero-Knowledge Proofs），证明已资助的笔记足以覆盖支出且未被重复使用。每次支出都会发布一个“空值化器”（Nullifier）——这是一种单向序列号，用于防止双重支付尝试，同时不会泄露支付背后的具体笔记来源。
人工智能推理作为首个用例
The zkAPI comes with a local client that is compatible with the standard OpenAI and Olama API interfaces, allowing existing applications and chat clients to continue working normally by simply pointing to localhost. The server is responsible for verifying the proof of payment and generating an API key with a short validity period in the device memory; when the key expires, the system will deduct the corresponding fee from the user's private balance.
According to the foundation, this architecture achieves strict authority isolation: the payment server only knows that there is a valid payment, but cannot know the identity of the payer; while the AI service provider can receive prompt words, it cannot know who the payer is. In addition, the same client can also support RPC queries, image generation, VPN services, and machine-to-machine (M2M) services, making its application scope beyond AI agents in the encryption field and having wider applicability.
Architecture co-designed by Vitalik Buterin
This launch is a working implementation version of the "ZK API Usage Credits" design released by Davide Crapis and Vitalik Buterin on the Ethereum Research Platform. The scheme uses the Groth16 proof on the BN254 curve to verify expenditures, uses the Poseidon hash function to process commitment values and nullators, and stores notes through a 32-layer Merkle Tree.
The real-time treasury contracts currently deployed on the main network hold USDC credit lines. Even if the zkAPI server disappears in the future, the on-chain withdrawal function will still be available, ensuring asset traceability and security.
Current limitations and future prospects
基金会指出了两项主要局限：首先，zkAPI本身不提供网络层面的匿名性，寻求更强隐私保护的用户仍需通过Tor网络进行路由；其次，共享的提示词内容仍可能成为识别用户的指纹特征。该项目正处于积极开发阶段，随着机密计算（Confidential Computing）等技术在内容隐私保护方面的不断成熟，未来的隐私体验有望进一步提升。
此次发布标志着以太坊向私有AI基础设施领域的延伸，旨在解决当前计费记录将每一次查询与支付者身份直接绑定的问题，为构建更加隐私友好的智能环境奠定基础。
